Chapter 2
Energy and matter

Energy
 - the ability to do work or cause change

	1st law of thermodynamics(law of conservation of energy)
		Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it can only be converted from one form to another

• Thermal (heat)
• Mechanical (motion)
• Electromagnetic
• Radiant (light)
• Chemical bond energy
• Nuclear

	Free energy-energy available to do work
Energy and Chemical reactions
	All living things have a metabolism
	Metabolism has chemical reactions

	Arrow always points to products
		3FeO + 2AlCl3 -->  3FeCl3 +Al2O3
		--> means yields

	GLUCOSE IS CELLULAR FOOD!!

	Breaking chemical bonds always releases energy
	Forming chemical bonds requires energy

	Exergonic - releases energy
	Endergonic - absorbs energy

	Activation Energy-Energy needed to start a reaction
	Catalyst
		speeds up reaction by lowering activation energy
		do not enter reaction - can be used again and again
		written above the yield sign
		enzymes-biological catalysts
		sucrose -sucrase-> glucose + fructose
Redox reactions
	Reduction or oxidation
	Involve transfer of electrons
	Always occur together
	Reduction-gain electrons
	Oxidation-lose electrons